Brief summary is made of the complexity theory and the sustainable evolution of the ecosystem is discussed.Taking water resources as an example,the complex relationship between the state,process and transformation is explained.The eco-environmental sustainability is a huge complex system,an anthropocentric system,in which the eco-environmental resources and disasters are the positive and negative states of the relationship between human being and ecosystem.All these suggest a new way of thinking for the sustainable development of eco-environmental resources: think ecosystem puzzles in a non-linear manner;apply systemic way instead of single way to analyze problems;to transfer traditional economy-oriented way to society-economy-resources-ecosystem-oriented one,et al.