Preliminary study is undertaken of the spring soil moisture variation in the eastern part of Northwest China based on the dekad soil moisture data of target agricultural meteorological stations from 1981 to 2001. The results show that the variation of soil moisture with a period of 3 years is related to changes of rainfall and air temperature, and the moisture took on a decline tendency in the 1990s. Meanwhile, the variation contributes to the break outs of sandstorms in this region.